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The Lisbon Treaty. The free circulation of scientific knowledge is a basic principle in the European Union, and is part of the Lisbon Treaty. Article 179 of the Treaty describes as an objective of the Union ‘a European Research Area in which researchers, scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely...', while in articles 180c and 183 it is stated that the Union will complement Member State activities in dissemination and optimization of the results of activities in Union research and will lay down the rules governing the dissemination of research results, respectively.